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Human taxonomy
Human taxonomy is the classification of the species ''Homo sapiens'' (Latin: "knowing man"), or the modern hominin, humans. ''Homo'', the human genus, includes the past genetic tree of humanity, with Neanderthals, Denisovans, and other extinct species of hominin. ''H. sapiens'' is the only surviving species of the genus ''Homo''. Extinct ''Homo'' species include archaic humans. Current humans have been designated as subspecies ''Homo sapiens sapiens'', differentiated from the direct ancestor, ''Homo sapiens idaltu''.
Prior to the current scientific classification of humans, philosophers and scientists have made various attempts to classify humans. They offered definitions of the human being and schemes for classifying types of humans. Biologists once classified races as subspecies, but today anthropologists reject the concept of race and view humanity as an interrelated genetic continuum. Taxonomy of the hominins continues to evolve.
==Current issues in human taxonomy==
Generally, humans are considered the only surviving representatives of the genus ''Homo''.
Scientists have also debated whether any other branches of ''Homo'', such as Neanderthals, should be classified as separate species or subspecies of ''H. sapiens''. These distinctions are connected with two competing theories of human origins, the more common recent single-origin hypothesis (that modern humans represent a distinct gene pool) and the multiregional hypothesis (that modern humans spreading from Africa interbred with local ''Homo'' populations). Modern humans have some genes that originally arose in archaic human populations, composing perhaps 5% of our genetic inheritance. (For example, see microcephalin.)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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